From Science & Research
From Science & Research This usually leads to the fact, that the materials in the injection molding process achieve the dimensional stability in such a way that they can be ejected earlier (reduced cycle time). However, the increase of K is not apparent from the HDT-B. The degree of crystallization (K) is determined according to a melting enthalpy (ΔHm) of the second DSC heating curve (DSC 204 F1 Phoenix Netzsch) using the material dependent theoretical value for a 100% crystalline material. For PLA, this theoretical value is 93 J/g (ΔHLit )(Figure 3) [8]. The degree of crystallization can be calculated by the formula (K = (∆Hm )/(∆HLit.)*100 [%] ) [9]. Depending on PLA, the melting enthalpy and the crystallinity is increased by the addition of residues and / or fibers from
© © -Institut.eu | 2018 -Institut.eu | 2017 Full study available at www.bio-based.eu/reports Full study available at www.bio-based.eu/reports © -Institut.eu | 2017 Full study available at www.bio-based.eu/markets Bio- and CO 2 -based Polymers & Building Blocks The best market reports available Data for 2017 Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers – Global Capacities and Trends 2017-2022 Bio-based polymers: Evolution of worldwide production capacities from 2011 to 2022 Million Tonnes 6 5 4 3 Dedicated Drop-in Smart Drop-in without bio-based PUR 2 1 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 18-05-22 Authors: Raj Chinthapalli, Michael Carus, Wolfgang Baltus, Doris de Guzman, Harald Käb, Achim Raschka, Jan Ravenstijn, 2018 This and other reports on the bio-based economy are available at www.bio-based.eu/reports Commercialisation updates on bio-based building blocks Standards and labels for bio-based products Bio-based polymers, a revolutionary change Comprehensive trend report on PHA, PLA, PUR/TPU, PA and polymers based on FDCA and SA: Latest developments, producers, drivers and lessons learnt million t/a Selected bio-based building blocks: Evolution of worldwide production capacities from 2011 to 2021 3,5 actual data forecast 3 2,5 Bio-based polymers, a revolutionary change 2 1,5 Jan Ravenstijn 2017 1 0,5 Picture: Gehr Kunststoffwerk 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 L-LA Succinic acid Epichlorohydrin 1,4-BDO MEG 2,5-FDCA Ethylene D-LA Sebacic 1,3-PDO acid 11-Aminoundecanoic acid MPG DDDA Lactide Adipic acid E-mail: j.ravenstijn@kpnmail.nl Mobile: +31.6.2247.8593 Author: Doris de Guzman, Tecnon OrbiChem, United Kingdom July 2017 This and other reports on the bio-based economy are available at www.bio-based.eu/reports Authors: Lara Dammer, Michael Carus and Dr. Asta Partanen nova-Institut GmbH, Germany May 2017 This and other reports on the bio-based economy are available at www.bio-based.eu/reports Author: Jan Ravenstijn, Jan Ravenstijn Consulting, the Netherlands April 2017 This and other reports on the bio-based economy are available at www.bio-based.eu/reports Policies impacting bio-based plastics market development and plastic bags legislation in Europe Asian markets for bio-based chemical building blocks and polymers Market study on the consumption of biodegradable and compostable plastic products in Europe 2015 and 2020 Share of Asian production capacity on global production by polymer in 2016 100% A comprehensive market research report including consumption figures by polymer and application types as well as by geography, plus analyses of key players, relevant policies and legislation and a special feature on biodegradation and composting standards and labels 80% 60% Bestsellers 40% 20% 0% PBS(X) APC – cyclic PA PET PTT PBAT Starch Blends PHA PLA PE Disposable tableware Biowaste bags Carrier bags Rigid packaging Flexible packaging Authors: Dirk Carrez, Clever Consult, Belgium Jim Philp, OECD, France Dr. Harald Kaeb, narocon Innovation Consulting, Germany Lara Dammer & Michael Carus, nova-Institute, Germany March 2017 This and other reports on the bio-based economy are available at www.bio-based.eu/reports Author: Wolfgang Baltus, Wobalt Expedition Consultancy, Thailand This and other reports on the bio-based economy are available at www.bio-based.eu/reports Authors: Harald Kaeb (narocon, lead), Florence Aeschelmann, Lara Dammer, Michael Carus (nova-Institute) April 2016 The full market study (more than 300 slides, 3,500€) is available at bio-based.eu/top-downloads. www.bio-based.eu/reports bioplastics MAGAZINE [04/18] Vol. 13 47
