Basics Glossary Humus In
Basics Glossary Humus In agriculture, “humus“ is often used simply to mean mature à compost, or natural compost extracted from a forest or other spontaneous source for use to amend soil. Hydrophilic Property: “water-friendly“, soluble in water or other polar solvents (e.g. used in conjunction with a plastic which is not waterresistant and weatherproof or that absorbs water such as Polyamide (PA)). Hydrophobic Property: “water-resistant“, not soluble in water (e.g. a plastic which is waterresistant and weatherproof, or that does not absorb any water such as Polethylene (PE) or Polypropylene (PP)). Microorganism Living organisms of microscopic size, such as bacteria, funghi or yeast. PCL Polycaprolactone, a synthetic (fossil based), biodegradable bioplastic, e.g. used as a blend component. PHA Polyhydroxyalkanoates are linear polyesters produced in nature by bacterial fermentation of sugar or lipids. The most common type of PHA is à PHB. PHB Polyhydroxyl buteric acid (better poly-3-hydroxybutyrate), is a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a polymer belonging to the polyesters class. PHB is produced by micro-organisms apparently in response to conditions of physiological stress. The polymer is primarily a product of carbon assimilation (from glucose or starch) and is employed by micro-organisms as a form of energy storage molecule to be metabolized when other common energy sources are not available. PHB has properties similar to those of PP, however it is stiffer and more brittle. PLA Polylactide, a bioplastic made of polymerised lactic acid. Saccharins or carbohydrates Saccharins or carbohydrates are name for the sugar-family. Saccharins are monomer or polymer sugar units. For example, there are known mono-, di- and polysaccharose. à glucose is a monosaccarin. They are important for the diet and produced biology in plants. Sorbitol Sugar alcohol, obtained by reduction of glucose changing the aldehyde group to an additional hydroxyl group. S. is used as a plasticiser for bioplastics based on starch . Starch Natural polymer (carbohydrate) consisting of à amylose and à amylopectin, gained from maize, potatoes, wheat, tapioca etc. When glucose is connected to polymer-chains in definite way the result (product) is called starch. Each molecule is based on 300 -12000-glucose units. Depending on the connection, there are two types à amylose and à amylopectin known. Starch (-derivate) Starch (-derivates) are based on the chemical structure of à starch. The chemical structure can be changed by introducing new functional groups without changing the à starch polymer. The product has different chemical qualities. Mostly the hydrophilic character is not the same. Starch-ester One characteristic of every starch-chain is a free hydroxyl group. When every hydroxyl group is connect with ethan acid one product is starch-ester with different chemical properties. Starch propionate and starch butyrate Starch propionate and starch butyrate can be synthesis by treating the à starch with propane or butanic acid. The product structure is still based on à starch. Every based à glucose fragment is connected with a propionate or butyrate ester group. The product is more hydrophobic than à starch. Sustainable An attempt to provide the best outcomes for the human and natural environments both now and into the indefinite future. One of the most often cited definitions of sustainability is the one created by the Brundtland Commission, led by the former Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland. The Brundtland Commission defined sustainable development as development that „meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.“ Sustainability relates to the continuity of economic, social, institutional and environmental aspects of human society, as well as the non-human environment). Thermoplastics Plastics which soften or melt when heated and solidify when cooled (solid at room temperature). Yard Waste Grass clippings, leaves, trimmings, garden residue. 38 bioplastics MAGAZINE [07/04] Vol. 2
Simply contact: Tel.: +49-2359-2996-0 or suppguide@bioplasticsmagazine.com Suppliers Guide Stay permanently listed in the Suppliers Guide with your company logo and contact information. For only 6,– EUR per mm, per issue you can be present among top suppliers in the field of bioplastics. 1. Raw Materials 1.1 bio based monomers 1.3 PLA 1.4 starch-based bioplastics 2. Additives / Secondary raw materials 4. Bioplastics products Du Pont de Nemours International S.A. 2, Chemin du Pavillon, PO Box 50 CH 1218 Le Grand Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland Phone: + 41(0) 22 717 5176 Fax: + 41(0) 22 580 2360 thomas.philipon@che.dupont.com www.packaging.dupont.com 1.2 compounds BIOTEC Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH & Co. KG Werner-Heisenberg-Straße 32 46446 Emmerich Germany Tel.: +49 2822 92510 Fax: +49 2822 51840 info@biotec.de www.biotec.de Du Pont de Nemours International S.A. 2, Chemin du Pavillon, PO Box 50 CH 1218 Le Grand Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland Phone: + 41(0) 22 717 5176 Fax: + 41(0) 22 580 2360 thomas.philipon@che.dupont.com www.packaging.dupont.com 3. Semi finished products 3.1 films natura Verpackungs GmbH Industriestr. 55 - 57 48432 Rheine Tel.: +49 5975 303-57 Fax: +49 5975 303-42 info@naturapackaging.com www.naturapackagign.com Veriplast Holland BV Stadhoudersmolenweg 70 NL - 7317 AW Apeldoorn www.veripure.eu Info@veripure.eu R.O.J. Jongboom Holding B.V. Biopearls Damstraat 28 6671 AE Zetten The Netherlands Tel.: +31 488 451318 Mob: +31 646104345 info@biopearls.nl www.biopearls.nl BIOTEC Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH & Co. KG Werner-Heisenberg-Straße 32 46446 Emmerich Germany Tel.: +49 2822 92510 Fax: +49 2822 51840 info@biotec.de www.biotec.de Plantic Technologies GmbH Heinrich-Busold-Straße 50 D-61169 Friedberg Germany Tel: +49 6031 6842 650 Tel: +44 794 096 4681 (UK) Fax: +49 6031 6842 656 info@plantic.eu www.plantic.eu 1.5 PHA 1.6 masterbatches PolyOne Avenue Melville Wilson, 2 Zoning de la Fagne 5330 Assesse Belgium Tel.: + 32 83 660 211 info.color@polyone.com www.polyone.com Maag GmbH Leckingser Straße 12 58640 Iserlohn Germany Tel.: + 49 2371 9779-30 Fax: + 49 2371 9779-97 shonke@maag.de www.maag.de Treofan Germany GmbH & Co. KG Am Prime Parc 17 65479 Raunheim Tel +49 6142 200-0 Fax +49 6142 200-3299 www.biophanfilms.com www.earthfirstpla.com www.sidaplax.com www.plasticsuppliers.com Sidaplax UK : +44 (1) 604 76 66 99 Sidaplax Belgium: +32 9 210 80 10 Plastic Suppliers: +1 866 378 4178 4.1 trays 5. Traders 5.1 wholesale 6. Machinery & Molds Molds, Change Parts and Turnkey Solutions for the PET/Bioplastic Container Industry 284 Pinebush Road Cambridge Ontario Canada N1T 1Z6 Tel.: +1 519 624 9720 Fax: +1 519 624 9721 info@hallink.com www.hallink.com SIG Corpoplast GmbH & CO. KG Meiendorfer Str. 203 22145 Hamburg, Germany Tel. +49-40-679-070 Fax +49-40-679-07270 sigcorpoplast@sig.biz www.sigcorpoplast.com 7. Plant engineering FKuR Kunststoff GmbH Siemensring 79 D - 47 877 Willich Tel.: +49 (0) 2154 9251-26 Tel.: +49 (0) 2154 9251-51 patrick.zimmermann@fkur.de www.fkur.de Transmare Compounding B.V. Ringweg 7, 6045 JL Roermond, The Netherlands Phone: +31 (0)475 345 900 Fax: +31 (0)475 345 910 info@transmare.nl www.compounding.nl Sukano Products Ltd. Chaltenbodenstrasse 23 CH-8834 Schindellegi Phone +41 44 787 57 77 Fax +41 44 787 57 78 www.sukano.com 1.7 reinforcing fibres/fillers made from RRM 3.1.1 cellulose based films INNOVIA FILMS LTD Wigton Cumbria CA7 9BG England Contact: Andy Sweetman Tel.: +44 16973 41549 Fax: +44 16973 41452 andy.sweetman@innoviafilms.com www.innoviafilms.com Uhde Inventa-Fischer GmbH Holzhauser Str. 157 - 159 13509 Berlin Germany Tel.: +49 (0)30 43567 5 fax: +49 (0)30 43567 699 sales.de@thyssenkrupp.com www.uhde-inventa-fischer.com 8. Ancillary equipment 9. Services 10. Research institutes / Universities bioplastics MAGAZINE [07/03] Vol. 2 39
